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2018 2

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Pm21 1

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Development of real-time onion disease monitoring system using image acquisition

Du-Han KIM, Kyeong-Hwan LEE, Chang-Hyun CHOI, Tae-Hyun CHOI, Yong-Joo KIM

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第4期页码 469-474 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018213

摘要：

In this study, real-time disease monitoring was conducted on onion which is the most representative crop in Republic of Korea, using an image acquisition system newly developed for the mobile measurement of phenotype. The purpose of this study was to improve the accuracy of prediction of disease and state variables by processing images acquired from monitoring. The image acquisition system was consisted of two parts, a motorized driving system and a PTZ (pan, tilt and zoom) camera to take images of the plants. The acquired images were processed as follows. Noise was removed through an image filter and RGB (red, green and blue) colors were converted to HSV (hue, saturation and value), which enabled thresholding of areas with different colors and properties for image binarization by comparing the color of onion leaf with ambient areas. Four objects with the most significant browning in the onion leaf to the naked eye were selected as the samples for data acquired. The thresholding method with image processing was found to be superior to the naked eye in identifying accurate disease areas. In addition, it was found that the incidence of disease was different in each disease area ratio. As a result, the use of image acquisition system in image processing analysis will enable more prompt detection of any changes in the onion and monitoring of disease outbreaks during the crop lifecycle.

关键词： imaging acquisition system disease downy mildew onion

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抗白粉病基因 Pm40 在我国“后 Pm21 时代”小麦育种中的重要作用 Perspective

唐圣雯,胡玉亭,钟胜福,罗培高

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第4期页码 500-506 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.06.004

摘要：

由小麦白粉菌[Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici（Bgt）] 引起的小麦白粉病是一种重要的小麦叶部病害，对小麦的产量产生很大的影响。20 世纪80 年代，通过簇毛麦（Heuchera villosa）的6VS 染色体与小麦6AL 染色体易位将抗白粉病基因Pm21 转移到普通小麦中。最近，在一些地方发现了对Pm21 有毒的Bgt，虽然这些菌株的病理学特性还有待研究，但这一现象提醒小麦育种者应注意应用Pm21 的风险。来源于普通小麦与中间偃麦草（Thinopyrum intermedium）杂种后代的抗白粉病基因Pm40，被定位在小麦7BS 染色体上，对Bgt 具有广谱和持久的抗性。通过细胞学研究，并未在Pm40 的载体品种中发现大片段外缘染色体。过去几年的研究发现，Pm40 的载体品种具有优良的农艺性状。因此，我们相信在未来的育种工程中，Pm40 将会在Pm21 的抗性被克服之后起巨大的作用。另外，Pm21 和Pm40 都来源于外缘物种，这暗示着外源基因的抗性可能比小麦本身的基因更为持久和有效。